TeXes Science Practice Test

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What is the hardest mineral on the Mohs scale?

Quartz
Talc
Diamond
Corundum

The correct answer is: Diamond

The hardest mineral on the Mohs scale is diamond. The Mohs scale is a relative scale that ranks minerals based on their ability to scratch one another. It ranges from 1 (the softest) to 10 (the hardest). Diamond is rated a 10, which means it can scratch all other minerals and cannot be scratched by any mineral. This unparalleled hardness is due to the strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms in the diamond's crystal structure, making it not only the hardest mineral but also one of the most valued due to its rarity and applications in various industries, particularly cutting and drilling tools. Understanding the characteristics and bonding of minerals like diamond helps in grasping why it stands alone at the top of the Mohs scale.